Project T10
Project T10S
Project T10SK
Project T10U
Project T10USK

Prototype line T10
Fighter Su-27 and interceptor Su-27P
Fighter Su-27SK (export variant)
Combat trainer Su-27UB
Combat trainer Su-27UBK (export variant)

S for Mikhail Simonov (designer of Su-27) or for Seriyniy = Serial
UB for Uchyebno-Boyevoy = Trainer Combat
P fro Pyeryekhvatchik = Interceptor
K for Komyerchyeskiy = Commercial

  • Su-27 and Su-27UB are names of serial produced T10S and T10U
  • Su-27P it's the name of Su-27 in service of Air Defence Forces
  • Su-27SK (project T10SK) it's the name of export version of serial Su-27 (S was added to avoid conflict with airborne Su-27K)
  • Su-27UBK (project T10USK) it's the name of export version of Su-27UB

Designers of the T10, T10S and T10U:
Oleg Samoylovich
Naum Chernyakov (1975)
Mikhail Simonov (01.1976)
Artyom Kolchin (12.1976)
Alexyey Knishev (10.1981)

Manufacturer:

Su-27, Su-27P, Su-27SK: Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association (KnAAPO)
KnAAPO

Su-27UB, Su-27UBK: Irkutsk Aircraft Production Association (IAPO)
IAPO

Prototypes in project T-10, T-10S, T10U.

Designation Type Year Bort number Notes
T10-11st prototype T1020.05.197710Lightgreen and gray spots; now in museum at Monino. AL-21F3 (izdyelie 89) engines.


Prototype T10-1. Even not looks like Su-27...

T10-22nd prototype T101978?Destroyed in 1978. AL-21F3 (izdyelie 89) engines.
T10-33rd prototype T1008.1979310First T10 with AL-31F engines (izdyeliye 99).
Used to ski-jump tests at Saki in 1982
T10-44th prototype T1010.1979?AL-31F (izdyelie 99) engines.
T10-5preproduction T101980-82?1st batch of Su-27, so called T10-5 type, preproduction from KnAAPO. AL-21F3 (izdyelie 89) engines.
T10-6preproduction T101980-82?as above
T10-9preproduction T101980-82?as above
T10-10preproduction T101980-82?as above
T10-11preproduction T101980-82?as above
T10-71st prototype T-10S-11981?T10S is completly redesigned aircraft, prototype built by Sukhoi Design Bureau. Destroyed in 1981.
T10-122nd prototype T-10S-21981?as above (also destroyed in 1981).
T10-8?--Static test airframe
T10-13???-
T10-14???-
T10-153rd prototype T-10S-3??In 1986 rebuit ro record-breaker P-42, which in 1986-1988 make 27 FAI world records (Victor Pugachov, Nikolay Sadovnikow, Yevgyeniy Frolov, Oleg Tsoy)
T10-16LL-PS??Testbed: on left engine vectored thrust nozzle was tested for project T10M.
T10-17-?17Blue-darkblue. Serial number 05-02. In 1982 deployed to Akhtubinsk Test Station of Flight Research Institute. During on flight in summer 1983 part of wing was destroyed, Nikolay Sadovnikov successfuly landed. After accident aircraft was transfered to Tsyentralniy Aero i Gidrodinamichyeskiy Institut (TsAGI) = Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute in Moskov (Жуковский = Zhukovskiy) for testing purposes.


Prototype T10-17. Sukhoi Su-27.

T10-20T10-20TKM
T10-20R		?20Folded wings to test on aircarrier deck.
Later converted to second record-breaker.
Now in museum at Chodynka.
T10Sserial Su-271982-1991-Serial production on base of the prototypes T10S at KnAAPO facilities; for USSR VVS (Air Forces of Russian Federational Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Belarussian Soviet Socialist Republic) and PVO (Air Defence; under designation Su-27P). 1984 testing in Liyetsk, 12.1984 in service at Komsomolsk-on-Amur's fighter regiment, 1985 oficially in service in the VVS and PVO of the USSR.
T10-21prototype T10S ???-
T10-22prototype T10S ???-
T10-23prototype T10S ???-
T10-24prototype T10S05.198524First aircraft with canard foreplanes. Destroyed in 01.1987.
T10-25prototype T10S08.198425First aircraft with arresting hook.
T10U-11st prototype T10U03.198501First combat trainer. There's no special prototypes of the T10U (Su-27UB), but only 6 preproduction aircrafts from Irkutsk facilities, used as prototypes, testbeds and experimental planes. The aircraft was used in 02.1989to test special manooeuvre, called in russian chyort znayet (=devil knows), later known as Pugachov's Cobra.
T10U-22nd prototype T10U?02Combat trainer.
In 1987 was used in T10PU (Su-27PU / Su-30) project.
T10U-33rd prototype T10U?03Combat trainer.
T10U-44th prototype T10U?04Combat trainer.
T10U-55th prototype T10U?05Combat trainer. In 1989 was used in T10PU (Su-27PU / Su-30) project.
T10U-66th prototype T10U?06Combat trainer. In 1989 was used in T10PU (Su-27PU / Su-30) project.
T10Userial SU-27UB1986-1991-Serial production on base of the prototypes T10U-1 at IAPO facilities; for USSR VVS (Russian Federational Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Belarussian Soviet Socialist Republic) and PVO. 1986 oficially in service in the VVS and PVO of the USSR as Su-27UB.
T10SKserial Su-27 for exportsince 1991-

1991, 1996 for China
1995-1997 for Vietnam
2003 for Indonesia

T10USKserial Su-27UB for exportsince 1992-

1992, 1996, 2000 for China
1995-1997 for Vietnam

4th Air Army of VVS USRR in Poland.

Regiments of the 4th Air Army were in Poland since the year 1945. Left between May and August of the year 1992.
Two Poland-based regiments were only two regiments of the Su-27 abroad USSR.

Order of battle in the end of the year 1991.

  1. 239th Baranovichyeskaya Istryebityelnaya Avyatsyonnaya Divizya = Fighter Aviation Division of Baranoviche - Kluczewo
    1. Commanding Section (1 An-2TD)
    2. 159th Novorossiyskiy Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment - Kluczewo (33/6 Su-27/Su-27UB)
    3. 582nd Fighter Aviation Regiment - Chojna (29/6 Su-27/Su-27UB)
  2. 149th Bomber Aviation Division - Szprotawa
    1. Commanding Section (1 An-2TD, 1 Mi-9)
    2. 89th Bomber Aviation Regiment - Szprotawa (24 Su-24M)
    3. 42nd Tannenbyerskiy Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment - Żagań (25 Su-24M)
    4. 3rd Bomber Aviation Regiment - Krzywa (30 Su-24)
    5. 164th Kerchyenskiy Guards Independent Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment - Krzywa (12 Su-24R, 5 MiG-25RBT, 2 MiG-25RBF, 2 MiG-25RBS, 2 MiG-25RBSz, 2 MiG-25RU)
  3. 55th Sevastopolskiy Independent Helicopter Regiment - Bagicz (38 Mi-24W, 2 Mi-24P, 12 Mi-8T, 10 Mi-8MT)
  4. 245th Independent Composite Air Squadron - Legnica (4 An-12PB, 6 An-26, 3 Mi-8PS, 1 Mi-8T, 1 Mi-8S)


Sukhoi Su-27 from early production series (early type tailboom and antiflutter counterweight on fins).
Chojna airfield in Poland, 1989.


Sukhoi Su-27. Chojna airfield in Poland, 1989.


Sukhoi Su-27UB. Kluczewo airfield in Poland, 1989.

Airfields in Poland used by 4th Air Army (since 1993 abandoned):

  1. concrete runway (2500 m), grass runway (1800-2500 m), concrete shelters (32-42):
    1. Brzeg,
    2. Chojna,
    3. Kluczewo,
    4. Bagicz near Kołobrzeg,
    5. Krzywa,
    6. Szprotawa,
    7. Stara Kopernia near Żagań
  2. concrete runway(1600 m), grass runway (1600 m), without shelters:
    1. Legnica
  3. grass runway (1300-2500 m) without shelters:
    1. Dębica,
    2. Oława,
    3. Brochocin,
    4. Namysłów,
    5. Wschowa
  4. air range:
    1. Przemków (12.000 ha) incl. 2.000 ha "model" of airfield in scale 1:1 (!)

Sukhois in Kyrgyzstan.

Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Respublikasy = Kyrgyz Republic) is a state in Central Asia, member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) with Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.

Kyrgyzstan has invited Russia to establish an airbase on its territory at Kent, in the framework of common military politics of the CIS states. It's a first deployment of Russian forces abroad since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Base was established in 2003 at Kant (former Frunze), not far from capital city Bishkek and NATO base at Manas international airport (since 2001). New concerte stands (not shelteres) for russian fighters were built, as in Manas for NATO aircrafts. Russian troops count about 400-500 soldiers, 5 x Su-27, 5 x Su-25, 4 x L-38, 2 x Mi-8. Their task is secure the Kyrgyzstan from terrorists (Su-27 look very suitable aircraft to do that). Russian Sukhois participated in joint exercises Rubezh-2004.

At the end of the year 2007 agreement was signed about reinforcement in the year 2008 a russian troops at Kent, up to about 15 fighters (+An-26 and few trainer from school in Krasnodar).

Su-27 in service, 2008.


Original drawings: Mariusz Wojciechowski. All right reserved. Copyright © 2008.